1 Samuel 12:11

Jerubbaal. Another name for Gideon, reminiscent of the occasion when he broke down the altar of Baal (see Judges 6:25-32).

Bedan. There was no judge by the name “Bedan.” The LXX and Syriac read “Barak.” The Hebrew letter d closely resembles the letter r, and n the letter k (see on Gen. 10:4; 25:15). Others identify “Bedan” with “Abdon” (see Judges 12:13, 15), pointing to closer similarity between these two names in Hebrew than between “Bedan” and “Barak.”

Jephthah. The champion of Israel when the children of Ammon first attempted to repossess the land of Gilead (Judges 11). Jephthah told the Ammonites that he relied on the power of God to protect Israel in their possession of the land (Judges 11:24), and his victory over them was a complete as Saul’s later proved to be.

Samuel. The Syriac and Lucian’s recension, or revision, of the LXX have “Samson” instead of “Samuel,” perhaps because it was thought that Samuel would have been too modest to mention his own name. Other scholars think “Samuel” was inserted in the margin by a later scribe and thus finally admitted into the text. But whereas the Hebrew name “Barak” might easily be mistaken for “Bedan,” or, even more likely, “Abdon” for “Bedan,” because of a similarity between the letters, the name “Samson” could never be mistaken for “Samuel,” because of the dissimilarity of the letters.