2 Corinthians 11:23

Are they ministers? Professing to be converted Jews, they claimed to be spokesmen for Christ. Paul denied their claim (vs. 13-15). As a Jew, Paul was equal with them. But on the point of relationship to Christ, which is the fundamental test in any age (1 John 4:2, 3), Paul claims superiority. Thus, taking them at their own evaluation, he is far beyond them. As evidence he points to labors far surpassing theirs in self-sacrifice, in extent, and in results. They sought to usurp the fruits of Paul’s labors (2 Cor. 10:15, 16).

A fool. Literally, “one void of understanding,” “one out of his mind,” “one insane.” The Greek word is much stronger than that used in vs. 16, 19. Paul here speaks ironically — he is employing the foolish methods of his opponents. It also expresses his own disgust at having to resort to this kind of thing. He cannot continue boasting without expressing his own disapproval of doing so.

Labours more abundant. Paul had toiled long and arduously to bring the gospel to the Gentiles. What had these Judaizers done in comparison?

Stripes. A common experience with Paul (cf. Acts 16:22, 23).

In prisons. The Bible does not record the number of times Paul was imprisoned (cf. Acts 16:23). Clement of Rome observes that Paul was imprisoned seven times (The First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians 5).

Deaths. That is, the many occasions on which he came face to face with death, and it appeared he would not survive (Acts 14:19; Rom. 8:36; 1 Cor. 15:31; 2 Cor. 4:11; see on 1 Cor. 15:29).