2 Corinthians 7:11

Ye sorrowed. The “fruits meet for repentance” (Matthew 3:8) brought forth by the Corinthians were proof that they had truly repented. Interpreting Titus’ report of their sorrow, Paul commends them for seven specific aspects of their repentance. These seven express a complete reversal of attitude.

Carefulness. Greek spoude, “haste,” “earnestness,” “diligence.” Whereas the Corinthians had hitherto been reluctant to act decisively, they now exerted themselves with all diligence to deal with sin and to make wrongs right. Those who have truly repented will proceed with due carefulness, diligence, and watchfulness. It has been suggested that the next six items are paired, the first pair referring to the attitude of the Corinthian church toward themselves, the second, to their attitude toward Paul, and the third, to their attitude toward the immoral offender of 1 Corinthians 5:1-5.

Yea. The repetition of this word lends emphasis to each succeeding point.

Clearing. Greek apologia, “a verbal defense” (cf. Acts 25:16; Philippians 1:7, 17; 2 Timothy 4:16). The phrase “of yourselves” was supplied by the translators. The Corinthians were eager to let it be known that they now disapproved of their former attitude. They now realized that their previous tolerance, and even defense, of the offender had implicated them in his guilt.

Indignation. Probably toward themselves for their former attitude, toward the immoral person, and toward some who may still have supported him. One mark of true repentance is a righteous indignation toward sin. Intense hatred of unrighteousness accompanies a strong love of righteousness. However, genuine righteous indignation against sin is always accompanied by an equally strong love for the erring one.

Fear. Perhaps the Corinthians feared Paul might not believe their repentance genuine, and that he would continue to take a stern attitude toward them (cf. 1 Corinthians 4:21; 2 Corinthians 13:1 ff.).

Vehement desire. Or, “longing,” probably for the restoration of a spirit of fellowship and mutual understanding with Paul.

Zeal. That is, in dealing with the immoral offender as Paul had recommended (1 Corinthians 5:1-5). Hitherto they had manifested little if any concern about the matter, thus giving the impression that they did not consider it particularly serious.

Revenge. Or, “punishment,” that is, of the immoral offender (see chapters 2:6, 7; 7:12).

Clear in this matter. Paul accepted without question the change of heart in Corinth, as reported by Titus, and gave his approval to the course of action taken by the church in dealing with the offender.