Certain of the Jews. Important textual evidence may be cited (cf. p. 10) for reading simply “the Jews.” According to v. 13 there were about 40 of them. They were apparently in deadly earnest, and certain that their plot would succeed. Compare the murder committed by Mattathias, the old priest of Modin, at the time of the Maccabean revolt (1 Macc. 2:24; Josephus Antiquities xii. 6. 2 [268–278]), and the attempt to assassinate Herod the Great when he built an amphitheater and introduced gladiatorial games into Jerusalem (Josephus Antiquities xv. 8. 3).
Bound themselves under a curse. Gr. anathematizō, “to anathematize,” “to declare accursed,” “to bind under a curse [if an oath is not fulfilled].” These men invited upon themselves the most severe divine penalties if they failed to achieve their objective. Compare the Hebrew charam (see on 1 Sam. 15:3).
Neither eat nor drink. By such a vow the would-be assassins demonstrated both their fanaticism and their determination to kill Paul quickly.