Hadassah. Hadassah was Esther’s original Hebrew name (see Introduction, p. 457). It is from the root hadas, “myrtle,” with the usual feminine ending ah.
Esther. Heb. ’Ester. This may possibly be a Persian loan word. It closely resembles Stareh, a modern Persian name meaning “star.” This name is transliterated into Greek as Aster or Esther (LXX). The Greek root aster appears in such English words as “aster,” “star,” and “asteroid,” which means “starlike.” The Babylonian form of the word was Ishtar, which became ‘Ashtoreth (plural Ashtaroth) and Astarte in Greek. In Babylon the planet Venus was deified as Ishtar. Mordecai’s selection of a Persian name may have been due to a desire to conceal Esther’s Jewish ancestry (v. 10).
Fair. Heb. yephath-to’ar, from yaphah. “beautiful,” and to’ar, “something gazed at,” “form.” Perhaps the expression translated “fair” might better be rendered, “beautiful of form.”
Beautiful. Heb. tobath mar’eh, literally, “good of appearance,” or “good of features.”