Azariah. The fact that Azariah is named before the acknowledged group leader Johanan (chs. 41:13, 16; 42:1, 8) would seem to indicate that Azariah was the real leader of the prevailing discontent. This charge that Jeremiah spoke falsely, and for the purpose of delivering the people “into the hand of the Chaldeans” (ch. 43:3), repeated the former accusation against him (see ch. 37:13, 14).
Proud. Literally, “insolent,” or “presumptuous.” This adjective suggests that these “men” by no means represented all the people; but, as so often happens, their vocal aggressiveness enabled them to seize the initiative.