Ninth year. The siege of Jerusalem probably began Jan. 15, 588 B.C. (see on ch. 39:1), and lasted till July 18, 586 B.C., a period of two years and a half. However, the city was not under attack continuously for the entire time. At some point during the campaign the army of Apries, king of Egypt (Pharaoh-hophra, ch. 44:30), advanced toward Palestine, whereupon the Babylonians temporarily withdrew (see ch. 37:5-11).
Against Jerusalem. The present siege differed from the previous invasions in that it was now Nebuchadnezzar’s intention to destroy the nation. Past invasions of Judah had greatly diminished both the territory and the population of the country. One authority estimates that the number of people in the country had decreased by at least half to a pitiful total of perhaps 150,000 (W. F. Albright, The Biblical Archaeologist, IX:1 [February, 1946], p. 4). Now the Babylonians attacked “all the cities of Judah that were left,” including Lachish and Azekah (see on ch. 34:7).