Jude 1:13

Raging waves. Or, “untamed waves,” referring to the ungoverned passions of the apostate teachers.

Foaming out their own shame. As the sea gathers its scum upon the crests of its waves, so the teachers exhibit their disgraceful lusts for all to see. “Shame” should read, literally, “shames,” referring to all the objectionable habits practiced by the false instructors.

Wandering stars. The fixed stars are valuable as navigational aids, but shooting or wandering stars, by which Jude may mean “comets,” serve no useful purpose, giving neither constant light nor guidance. So these false teachers, brilliant as they may appear, help no one to make progress toward his heavenly destination.

To whom … for ever. The phrase thus translated occurs also in 2 Peter 2:17 (see comment there). As meteors that flash across the darkened sky and then plunge into blackness are forever lost to mortal sight, so the seducers, after a blaze of publicity, will disappear from view.