Luke 23:42

When thou comest. Literally, “whenever thou comest,” or “whenever thou mayest come.” The thief, repentant, accepted Jesus as Messiah and Saviour, the one who was to reign upon the throne of David and restore all things (see on Matt. 1:1; 21:9; Luke 19:10).

Into thy kingdom. Literally, “in thy kingdom.” The concept of the repentant thief concerning Christ’s kingdom was probably that held by all his fellow countrymen (see on ch. 4:19). There is no indication that he entertained a more enlightened concept of the “kingdom” than the disciples did (see on Matt. 18:1; 20:21). We should not make the mistake of supposing that the thief fully understood the teachings of Jesus on this point. His words do imply, however, a clear belief in the resurrection of the just (see Acts 24:15). Perhaps his idea of the resurrection was not so different from that of Martha (see on John 11:24). Even the Pharisees clearly believed in the resurrection (Acts 23:8).

However imperfect the thief’s understanding of the nature of Christ’s kingdom and of the resurrection might have been, Christ’s reply must be understood in terms of His own teachings with respect thereto. For a synopsis of His teachings on this subject see on Matt. 4:17; 25:31. Jesus made it clear that His “Kingdom” was “not of this world” (John 18:36), and that His “kingdom” of glory would not be established until He should return to earth in person (see on Matt. 24:3).