Isaiah 1:2

Hear, O heavens. See on Deut. 32:1; cf. Micah 6:1. Isaiah’s first discourse opens with an indictment of the professed people of God. Their utter failure to appreciate and profit by the unprecedented opportunities afforded them as a nation is amazing beyond words. As it were, Isaiah calls upon the inhabitants of heaven to witness the extraordinary spectacle — a literary device similar in purpose to that of Joel (ch. 1:2, 3), designed to impress the dull senses of the people with the enormity of their transgression.

The inhabitants of other worlds are acquainted with God’s law and know of the rebellion of the inhabitants of this world against Heaven. They understand the plan of salvation and know of the opportunities granted to Israel as the chosen people of God. As it were, God calls upon them as witnesses to the astounding situation among those for whom He has done so much and who have been so utterly unmindful of Him. Before the universe the rebellious people of God stand guilty, and God is justified in the course He is about to take against the rebels.

I have nourished. The relationship between God and His people has been that of father and son. Everything a father could do for his children, God has done for His people. Being the recipients of His fatherly care, God’s people should have accepted the responsibilities of sonship along with its privileges.

Rebelled. They renounced the authority of their Father in heaven and ignored the requirements He made of them.