Nehemiah 13:15

In those days. An indefinite time notation, as in chs. 12:44; 13:1. It probably points to a time which lay somewhat later than the events just described. Nehemiah may have made a tour of the country to try to observe how the Sabbath was being kept.

I testified against them. The treading of grapes in the wine press was the first step in the production of wine, and therefore a flagrant violation of the fourth commandment.

The same was true of those who transported agricultural produce to the capital for sale. Some commentators have thought that the transport of grain was a necessity, so that it might be in the city early enough for the market on the next day. But the law made no provision for such an activity. That there was actual selling on the Sabbath is reported in v. 16. The last clause of v. 15 should therefore be understood to mean that Nehemiah warned them on the day, namely the Sabbath, on which they had transported the goods to Jerusalem and were actually selling them.