I will punish. This prophecy against Babylon began to be fulfilled when “the Medes and Persians” captured the city, killed Belshazzar, and ended the Neo-Babylonian Empire (Dan. 5:17-31). Although Babylon was used by God to chastise His own people, this did not relieve the Babylonians from punishment for their own iniquities (see Jer. 50; 51; cf. Isa. 10:5-16).
The king of Babylon. As one of Israel’s chief enemies in OT times, Babylon became a fitting symbol, in the book of Revelation, of apostate Christianity in its opposition to God’s remnant people (see on Rev. 14:8; 17:5; 18:2). In large part the symbols of the book of Revelation are drawn from the experiences of literal Israel in ancient times, or are based on the symbolic messages of the OT prophets (see AA 585). For this reason, when the symbols of the book of Revelation are studied, it is important that a most careful consideration be given to their counterparts in OT history and prophecy. Only against such a background do the symbols of the Revelation take on the full meaning Inspiration intended them to convey.
Several aspects of the punishment of literal Babylon as set forth in Jer. 25 are of value in connection with the study of the punishment of mystical Babylon as set forth in Rev. 16 to 19 (see on Isa. 14:4). Note the following:
Jeremiah 25
1. “I will take from them the voice of mirth . . . bridegroom . . . bride . . . millstones . . . candle” (v. 10).
Revelation 16 to 19
1. “The voice of harpers ... a millstone ... a candle . . . the bridegroom . . . the bride shall be no more heard in thee” (18:22, 23).
2. “I will punish the king of Babylon” (v. 12).
2. “Great Babylon came in remembrance before God” (16:19; cf 17:1; 18:7,8).
3. “Reward her . . . according to her works” (18:6).
3. “I will recompense them according to their deeds” (v. 14).
4. “The cup of the wine of the fierceness of his wrath” (16:19).
4. “The wine cup of this fury” (v. 15).
5. “A sword upon all the inhabitants of the earth” (v. 29).
6. “The Lord shall roar from on high, and utter his voice from his holy habitation; ... he shall give a shout” (v. 30).
7. “The Lord hath a controversy with the nations” (v. 31).
8. “Evil shall go forth from nation to nation” (v. 32).
9. “The slain of the Lord” (v. 33).